The Office of the Energy Regulator (ERO) was established in June 2004, with the promulgation by the Parliament of Kosovo of the Law on Energy, the Law on Electricity and the Law on the Energy Regulator.

The Office of the Energy Regulator is an independent body, which has the task of regulating activities in the energy sector in Kosovo, including electricity, central heating and gas, in accordance with the obligations arising from the Energy Community Treaty (This treaty is signed by the European Union and nine partners from Southeast Europe in Athens in October 2005 to create the legal framework for an integrated energy market).